Permanent Mission to the United Nations, United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Global surveillance disclosures (2013present), PRISM (surveillance program) Responses to disclosures, U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Reactions to global surveillance disclosures, Commentary on Edward Snowden's disclosure, U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, List of awards received by Edward Snowden, transmitting or receiving information when it shouldn't be, Aftermath of the global surveillance disclosures, German Parliamentary Committee investigating the NSA spying scandal, List of people who have lived at airports, Russian influence operations in the United States, "Putin grants citizenship to Edward Snowden, who exposed U.S. surveillance", "Putin concede cidadania russa a Edward Snowden", "With two kids under two, it feels like [] for them", "The Snowden Saga: A Shadowland of Secrets and Light", "New Zealand Launched Mass Surveillance Project While Publicly Denying It", "Kerry warns Russia on Snowden: "Respect the relationship", "Edward Snowden gets permanent residency in Russia - lawyer", "Putin grants Russian citizenship to U.S. whistleblower Edward Snowden", "Edward Snowden swears allegiance to Russia and receives passport, lawyer says", "Edward Snowden: the whistleblower behind the NSA surveillance revelations", "Full Interview: Edward Snowden On Trump, Privacy, And Threats To Democracy | The 11th Hour | MSNBC", "Edward Snowden's New Job: Protecting Reporters From Spies", "Snowden flouts court ruling with paid speeches, Substack: 'He's above the law', "Snowden's book doesn't mention a job at 'one of Russia's biggest websites,' and former CIA officials suspect a darker reality", "I was very much a person the most powerful government in the world wanted to go away", "U.S. court: Mass surveillance program exposed by Snowden was illegal", "Edward Snowden was not successful in joining the US Army's elite special forces unit", "Report: Snowden has document to enter Russia", "NSA leaker Edward Snowden has ties to North Carolina", "Edward Snowden's Motive Revealed: He Can 'Sleep at Night', "Edward Snowden's father, stepmother plan to make public statement", "Edward Snowden: Who is he, and what kind of life is he leaving behind? "[121], On May 20, 2013, Snowden flew to Hong Kong,[122] where he was staying when the initial articles based on the leaked documents were published,[123] beginning with The Guardian on June 5. [111] In January 2014, he told a German TV interviewer that he gave all of his information to American journalists reporting on American issues. [18], On June 2, 2015, the U.S. Senate passed, and President Obama signed, the USA Freedom Act which restored in modified form several provisions of the Patriot Act that had expired the day before, while for the first time imposing some limits on the bulk collection of telecommunication data on U.S. citizens by American intelligence agencies. I know some have called him a hero, some have called . Snowden is . "[368] He said that the NSA's Foreign Affairs Division lobbies the EU and other countries to change their laws, allowing for "everyone in the country" to be spied on legally.[369]. Snowden then contacted documentary filmmaker Laura Poitras in January 2013. [126] In 2014, NBC broke its first story based on the leaked documents. "[311] However, Snowden disliked Obama's CIA director appointment of Leon Panetta, saying "Obama just named a fucking politician to run the CIA. They also cited that the US intelligence leaders, who publicly defended it, were not telling the truth. [367] He told the Parliament that the NSA was working with the security agencies of EU states to "get access to as much data of EU citizens as possible. [292] (A single bitcoin was then worth about $1,000. . [183], In an August 2014 interview, Snowden for the first time disclosed a cyberwarfare program in the works, codenamed MonsterMind, that would automate the detection of a foreign cyberattack as it began and automatically fire back. 32. Germany later blocked Snowden from testifying in person in an NSA inquiry, citing a potential grave strain on US-German relations.[381]. ", Global Opposition to U.S. Surveillance and Drones, but Limited Harm to America's Image, "Snowden Files Declaration in NSA Spying Case Confirming Authenticity of Draft Inspector General Report Discussing Unprecedented Surveillance of Americans, Which He Helped Expose", "Edward Snowden Shares His Story in New Memoir That Hits Shelves in September", "Edward Snowden announces memoir 'Permanent Record' for fall release", "Yes, already: Two video games about Edward Snowden and stealthy data", "Edward Snowden cast as hero in smartphone game", "Edward Snowden gets his own graphic biography", "Rivers Cuomo guests on new Big Data track, "Snowed In", "Edward Snowden hooked up with a French electronica artist to cut a track about cybersecurity", "New York City Takes Down Edward Snowden Statue Erected By Guerilla Artists", "Statues Of Whistleblowers Edward Snowden, Julian Assange, Bradley Manning Unveiled in Berlin, Germany", "Ed Snowden joins Twitter, follows only the NSA", "Edward Snowden just joined Twitter. "[16] On September 17, 2019, his memoir Permanent Record was published. He spoke to journalists in 2013 and then received asylum from Russia. Edward Snowden, arguably the world's most famous whistle-blower, is a man who lived behind plenty of pseudonyms before putting his true name to his truth-telling: When he was first communicating . "[23], In May 2014, U.S. officials released a single email that Snowden had written in April 2013 inquiring about legal authorities but said that they had found no other evidence that Snowden had expressed his concerns to someone in an oversight position. Beyond that, it was the creeping realization that no one else was going to do this. [348], In September 2016, the bipartisan U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence completed a review of the Snowden disclosures and said that the federal government would have to spend millions of dollars responding to the fallout from Snowden's disclosures. Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont shared a "must-read" news story on his blog by Ron Fournier, stating "Love him or hate him, we all owe Snowden our thanks for forcing upon the nation an important debate. [293], Snowden has also used the pseudonym John Dobbertin (after cryptographer Hans Dobbertin). Yes, Really", "Secret Sources: Whistleblowers, National Security, and Free Expression", "In exile, Edward Snowden rakes in speaking fees while hoping for a pardon", "Libreplanet 2016: The Last Lighthouse: Free Software In Dark Times", "LibrePlanet begins with Snowden, ends with DRM protest", "Edward Snowden: Privacy can't depend on corporations standing up to the government", "Snowden Used Free Software Because He Was Afraid of Backdoors in Microsoft Apps", "Against the Law: Countering Lawful Abuses of Digital Surveillance", "Edward Snowden's New Research Aims to Keep Smartphones From Betraying Their Owners", "Snowden Designs a Device to Warn if Your iPhone's Radios Are Snitching", "Edward Snowden designs phone case to show when data is being monitored", "Edward Snowden co-designs an iPhone case that alerts user to surveillance activity", "Edward Snowden has taken $1.2m in speaking fees in exile, US filing says", "Canadian whom Edward Snowden called out for past involvement in a multi-million dollar scheme says he's 'worked hard to move on', "This "quasi-criminally" charged investor invited Edward Snowden to speak at conference, and Snowden exposed him", "The Snowden Effect: definition and examples", "What the Press Should Learn From the 'Snowden Effect', "The Snowden Effect Hits Congress: Will Effective Crowdsourced Lobbying Follow? [157][158] The NSA was shown to be tracking the online sexual activity of people they termed "radicalizers" in order to discredit them. "There's actually not that much difference," Snowden said in an interview with the . Numerous high-ranking current or former U.S. government officials reacted publicly to Snowden's disclosures. Bush. "[270], On April 16, 2020, CNN reported that Edward Snowden had requested a three-year extension of his Russian residency permit. [355], On June 6, 2013, in the wake of Snowden's leaks, conservative public interest lawyer and Judicial Watch founder Larry Klayman filed a lawsuit claiming that the federal government had unlawfully collected metadata for his telephone calls and was harassing him. Snowden explained why he rejected the request: What he doesn't say are that the crimes that he's charged me with are crimes that don't allow me to make my case. In the memoir he wrote, "I realized that I was crazy to have imagined that the Supreme Court, or Congress, or President Obama, seeking to distance his administration from President George W. Bush's, would ever hold the IC legally responsiblefor anything". Snowden said that having the document gave him "the confidence, the courage to get on that plane to begin the journey". Their stated goal was to "dramatically increase mastery of the global network" and to acquire adversaries' data from "anyone, anytime, anywhere. Snowden has described himself as a whistleblower,[75] a description used by many sources, including CNBC,[76] The New Yorker,[77] Reuters,[78] and The Guardian,[79] among others. L. 65-24) through unauthorized communication of national defense information and willful communication of classified communications intelligence information to an unauthorized person.[7][276]. [164], By October 2013, Snowden's disclosures had created tensions[165][166] between the U.S. and some of its close allies after they revealed that the U.S. had spied on Brazil, France, Mexico,[167] Britain,[168] China,[169] Germany,[170] and Spain,[171] as well as 35 world leaders,[172] most notably German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who said "spying among friends" was unacceptable[173][174] and compared the NSA with the Stasi. With all due respect, I just can't imagine it," said Maurer. [356] On September 16, 2019, it was reported that Snowden had said he "would love" to get political asylum in France. [407], In April 2015, John Oliver, the host of Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, flew to Moscow to interview Edward Snowden. PRISM. Specifically, the charges filed in the Criminal Complaint were: Each of the three charges carries a maximum possible prison term of ten years. [240] Morales blamed the U.S. for putting pressure on European countries and said that the grounding of his plane was a violation of international law. The appeals court did not rule on the constitutionality of the bulk surveillance and declined to enjoin the program, noting the pending expiration of relevant parts of the Patriot Act. [227][226], Following Snowden's arrival in Moscow, the White House expressed disappointment at Hong Kong's decision to allow him to leave. [34], In his May 2014 interview with NBC News, Snowden accused the U.S. government of trying to use one position here or there in his career to distract from the totality of his experience, downplaying him as a "low-level analyst."
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